The CHIP Process

 

Cold and Hot Isostatic Pressing

As shown in the schematic below, the CHIP process is used to produce near-net shape components.  The process steps include:

 

(click on the images for a description of each process)

 

 

Blending

 

 

 

 

 

Blending

 

     Raw material powders are selected and proper weight percents are blended  to achieve a desired final chemical composition for the alloy to be produced

 

 

 

Cold Isostatic Pressing

 

 

Cold Isostatic Pressing (CIP)

 

     Powder is transferred to reusable pre-shaped elastomeric tooling.  Sealed tooling is then placed in an isostatic pressure vessel and pressed at room temperature (using hydrostatic pressure often at pressures exceeding 50Ksi). The compacted powder is removed from the tooling yielding a compacted “green” preform. 

 

Sintering

 

Sintering

 

     The “green” preform is transferred to a vacuum furnace and processed at a prescribed time and temperature (below the melting point), with controlled heat-up and cool-down rates. During sintering, the material is further densified and alloying of the raw material ingredients is accomplished through solid state diffusion.

 

Hot Isostatic Pressing

 

 

 

Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP)

     The HIP process is used to produce full density, closing small residual porosity and improving mechanical properties of the finished material.

 

 

Extrusion or ForgingExtrusion or Forging

 

     Sintered or HIPed material may be also be subsequently processed by extrusion or forging.